thread.c 7.9 KB

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  1. #include "thread.h"
  2. #include "sync.h"
  3. #include "../lib/string.h"
  4. #include "../kernel/interrupt.h"
  5. #include "../kernel/debug.h"
  6. #include "../lib/kernel/list.h"
  7. #include "../lib/kernel/print.h"
  8. #include "../userprog/process.h"
  9. struct task_struct *main_thread; // 主线程 PCB
  10. struct list thread_ready_list; // 就绪队列
  11. struct list thread_all_list; // 所有任务队列
  12. static struct list_elem *thread_tag; // 用于保存队列中的线程节点
  13. static pid_t allocate_pid(void); // 分配 pid
  14. struct lock pid_lock;
  15. extern void switch_to(struct task_struct *cur, struct task_struct *next);
  16. #pragma GCC diagnostic push
  17. #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wint-to-pointer-cast"
  18. #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wpointer-to-int-cast"
  19. // 获取当前线程的 PCB 指针
  20. struct task_struct *running_thread(void)
  21. {
  22. uint32_t esp;
  23. asm("mov %%esp, %0" : "=g"(esp));
  24. // 取 esp 整数部分作为 PCB 的指针
  25. return (struct task_struct *)((uintptr_t)esp & 0xfffff000);
  26. }
  27. // 由 kernel_thread 去执行 function(func_arg)
  28. static void kernel_thread(thread_func *function, void *func_arg)
  29. {
  30. // 执行 function 前开中断,避免后面的时钟中断被屏蔽,而无法调度其它线程
  31. intr_enable();
  32. function(func_arg);
  33. }
  34. // 初始化线程栈 thread_stack
  35. void thread_create(struct task_struct *pthread, thread_func function, void *func_arg)
  36. {
  37. // 先预留中断栈空间
  38. pthread->self_kstack -= sizeof(struct intr_stack);
  39. // 再预留线程栈空间,线程栈位于中断栈顶
  40. pthread->self_kstack -= sizeof(struct thread_stack);
  41. struct thread_stack *kthread_stack = (struct thread_stack *)pthread->self_kstack;
  42. kthread_stack->eip = kernel_thread;
  43. kthread_stack->function = function;
  44. kthread_stack->func_arg = func_arg;
  45. kthread_stack->ebp = kthread_stack->ebx = kthread_stack->edi = kthread_stack->esi = 0;
  46. }
  47. // 分配 pid
  48. static pid_t allocate_pid(void)
  49. {
  50. static pid_t next_pid = 0;
  51. lock_acquire(&pid_lock);
  52. next_pid++;
  53. lock_release(&pid_lock);
  54. return next_pid;
  55. }
  56. // 初始化线程基本信息
  57. void init_thread(struct task_struct *pthread, char *name, int prio)
  58. {
  59. _memset(pthread, 0, sizeof(*pthread)); // 全部置为 0
  60. pthread->pid = allocate_pid(); // 分配 pid
  61. _strcpy(pthread->name, name); // name
  62. // 线程状态, 目前只有两种状态: TASK_RUNNING, TASK_READY
  63. if (pthread == main_thread)
  64. { // 主线程,把 main 也封装成一个线程,并且它一直是运行的,所以是 TASK_RUNNING
  65. pthread->status = TASK_RUNNING;
  66. }
  67. else
  68. {
  69. pthread->status = TASK_READY;
  70. }
  71. pthread->self_kstack = (uint32_t *)((uintptr_t)pthread + PG_SIZE); // self_kstack是线程自己在内核态下使用的栈顶地址
  72. pthread->priority = prio; // 线程优先级
  73. pthread->ticks = prio; // 嘀嗒数
  74. pthread->elapsed_ticks = 0; // 线程已执行的时间嘀嗒数
  75. pthread->pgdir = NULL; // 进程自己页表的虚拟地址, 如果是线程则为 NULL
  76. // pthread->userprog_addr = NULL;
  77. pthread->stack_magic = 0x19940625; // 自定义的魔数
  78. }
  79. // 创建优先级为 prio 的线程, 线程名为 name, 线程所执行的函数是 function(func_arg)
  80. struct task_struct *thread_start(char *name, int prio, thread_func function, void *func_arg)
  81. {
  82. // pcb 线程控制块
  83. struct task_struct *thread = get_kernel_pages(1); // 申请一页内存(内核空间)做为PCB
  84. init_thread(thread, name, prio); // 初始化线程基本信息
  85. thread_create(thread, function, func_arg); // 初始化线程栈 thread_stack
  86. ASSERT(!elem_find(&thread_ready_list, &thread->general_tag)); // 保证加入就绪队列的线程不在队列中
  87. list_append(&thread_ready_list, &thread->general_tag); // 加入就绪队列
  88. ASSERT(!elem_find(&thread_all_list, &thread->all_list_tag)); // 保证加入所有线程队列的线程不在队列中
  89. list_append(&thread_all_list, &thread->all_list_tag); // 加入所有线程队列
  90. return thread;
  91. }
  92. // 将 kernel 中的 main 函数封装成线程
  93. static void make_main_thread(void)
  94. {
  95. // 因为 main 函数也是一个线程,但它被单独执行,所以要单独处理
  96. // 因为 main 函数是操作系统的第一个函数,所以它的 PCB 也是第一个
  97. // ! 在 loader.S 中进入内核时 mov esp, 0xc009f000,
  98. // ! 所以 main 函数的栈顶是 0xc009f000, PCB 是 0xc009e000
  99. main_thread = running_thread();
  100. init_thread(main_thread, "main", 31); // 31 是最高优先级
  101. // main 函数是当前线程,当前线程不在 thread_ready_list 中
  102. ASSERT(!elem_find(&thread_all_list, &main_thread->all_list_tag));
  103. list_append(&thread_all_list, &main_thread->all_list_tag);
  104. }
  105. /// @brief 将当前线程换下处理器,并在就绪队列中找出下个可运行的程序,换上处理器
  106. ///! 此过程由 时钟中断 来调用
  107. void schedule(void)
  108. {
  109. ASSERT(intr_get_status() == INTR_OFF);
  110. struct task_struct *cur = running_thread();
  111. if (cur->status == TASK_RUNNING)
  112. {
  113. // 若此线程只是时间片到了,将其加入到就绪队列尾
  114. ASSERT(!elem_find(&thread_ready_list, &cur->general_tag));
  115. list_append(&thread_ready_list, &cur->general_tag);
  116. cur->ticks = cur->priority; // 重置 ticks
  117. cur->status = TASK_READY;
  118. }
  119. else
  120. {
  121. // 若此线程需要某事件发生后才能继续上 cpu 运行, 不需要加入队列
  122. }
  123. // todo: 暂未实现 idle 线程,暂用 assertion 来保障
  124. ASSERT(!list_empty(&thread_ready_list));
  125. thread_tag = NULL; // thread_tag 清空
  126. thread_tag = list_pop(&thread_ready_list); // 弹出队列中的第一个就绪线程
  127. struct task_struct *next = elem2entry(struct task_struct, general_tag, thread_tag);
  128. // 方法 2: PCB 在自然页的起始地址, 所以 pcb 地址=0xfffff000&(&(PCB.general_tag))
  129. next->status = TASK_RUNNING;
  130. // 激活任务页表等
  131. process_activate(next);
  132. switch_to(cur, next); // 切换线程
  133. }
  134. // 当前线程将自己阻塞,标志其状态为 status(不可运行状态)
  135. void thread_block(enum task_status status)
  136. { // 只有这三种状态才做阻塞
  137. ASSERT((status == TASK_BLOCKED) || (status == TASK_WAITING) || (status == TASK_HANGING));
  138. enum intr_status old_status = intr_disable(); // 关中断
  139. struct task_struct *cur = running_thread();
  140. cur->status = status; // 设置其状态为 status, 设置之前 cur->status == TASK_RUNNING
  141. schedule(); // 将当前线程换下处理器
  142. //! 待当前线程被解除阻塞后继续运行下面的 intr_set_status
  143. intr_set_status(old_status); // 恢复中断
  144. }
  145. // 解除线程的阻塞状态,标志其状态为 TASK_RUNNING
  146. // pthread 指需要被接触阻塞的线程
  147. void thread_unblock(struct task_struct *pthread)
  148. {
  149. enum intr_status old_status = intr_disable(); // 关中断
  150. ASSERT((pthread->status == TASK_BLOCKED) || (pthread->status == TASK_WAITING) || (pthread->status == TASK_HANGING));
  151. if (pthread->status != TASK_READY)
  152. {
  153. ASSERT(!elem_find(&thread_ready_list, &pthread->general_tag));
  154. if (elem_find(&thread_ready_list, &pthread->general_tag))
  155. {
  156. PANIC("thread_unblock: blocked thread in ready_list\n");
  157. }
  158. list_append(&thread_ready_list, &pthread->general_tag); // 加入到队列的最前面,使其尽快得到调度
  159. pthread->status = TASK_READY;
  160. }
  161. intr_set_status(old_status); // 恢复中断
  162. }
  163. // 初始化线程环境
  164. void thread_init(void)
  165. {
  166. put_str("thread_init start\n");
  167. list_init(&thread_ready_list);
  168. list_init(&thread_all_list);
  169. lock_init(&pid_lock);
  170. make_main_thread(); // 将当前 main 函数创建为线程
  171. put_str("thread_init end\n");
  172. }
  173. #pragma GCC diagnostic pop